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A Decomposition Analysis to Understand the Wealth-Based Inequalities in Child Vaccination in Rural Southern Assam: A
Dipankar Roy1, Avijit Debnath2, Munmi Sarma2
1Department of Economics, Government Model Degree College, Borkhola, Assam, India.
Wealth inequality impacts full childhood vaccination rates in rural southern Assam, with advantaged families having better coverage. Targeted interventions are needed to improve vaccination equity for all children.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Socioeconomics
- Child Health
Background:
- Southern Assam faces socio-environmental backwardness and inadequate child healthcare resource utilization.
- Low vaccination coverage is a significant issue in the region's rural areas.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate wealth-based inequalities in full childhood vaccination in rural southern Assam.
- To identify factors contributing to disparities in vaccination coverage.
Main Methods:
- A multistage cluster sampling approach selected 360 children aged 12-23 months.
- Generalized linear models (GLM) and Erreygers decomposition quantified wealth inequality in vaccination predictors.
Main Results:
- Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine coverage was high (~90%), while measles vaccine coverage was low (~61%).
- Only 54% of children received all Universal Immunization Programme (UIP)-recommended vaccines.
- Father's occupation, maternal age, birth order, and antenatal care (ANC) use were key factors in vaccination inequality.
Conclusions:
- Full vaccination is concentrated among economically advantaged populations in rural southern Assam.
- Addressing wealth-related vaccination inequalities requires targeted, context-specific government initiatives.
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