Dimethyl Sulfide (DMS) in Amarone Wines: Influence of Aging, Withering, Grape Variety, and Geographical Origin

Occurrence of dimethyl sulfide (DMS), a potent aroma compound accumulating during aging, was investigated in commercial and experimental Amarone wines. In commercial Amarone, DMS was observed in concentrations ranging from 2.9 to 64.3 μg/L. Model aging studies on experimental wines indicated that DMS in Amarone is strongly associated with aging and that wines from different vineyards can vary significantly in their ability to accumulate DMS during aging. The capacity of certain vineyards to give wines with higher DMS-forming potential was consistent across three consecutive vintages, representing a true terroir factor to be expressed with aging. Wine content of primary amino acids (PAN), a commonly analyzed enological parameter of grape must, was shown to be positively correlated with DMS accumulation during aging. Grape withering also increased DMS-forming potential mostly due to increased PAN resulting from concentration due to water loss. Increased pH due to withering also contributed to a higher DMS content of withered wines, but to a lower extent. In certain vineyard sites, an influence of vintage conditions on DMS-forming potential was also observed.