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Related Concept Videos

Rolling Resistance: Problem Solving01:17

Rolling Resistance: Problem Solving

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Rolling resistance, also known as rolling friction, is the force that resists the motion of a rolling object, such as a wheel, tire, or ball, when it moves over a surface. It is caused by the deformation of the object and the surface in contact with each other, as well as other factors like internal friction, hysteresis, and energy losses within the materials. Rolling resistance opposes the object's motion, requiring additional energy to overcome it and maintain movement. In practical...
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When a solid cylinder rolls steadily on a rigid surface, the normal force applied by the surface on the cylinder is perpendicular to the tangent at the contact point. However, since no materials are entirely rigid, the surface's reaction to the cylinder involves a range of normal pressures.
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Rolling with slipping is a physical phenomenon that occurs when a rolling object experiences both rotational and linear motion but also experiences frictional forces that cause slipping. This phenomenon can occur in various situations, such as when a tire rolls on a wet road or a ball rolls on a rough surface.
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People have observed the rolling motion without slipping ever since the invention of the wheel. For example, one can look at the interaction between a car's tires and the surface of the road. If the driver presses the accelerator to the floor so that the tires spin without the car moving forward, there must be kinetic friction between the wheels and the road's surface. If the driver slowly presses the accelerator, causing the car to move forward, the tires roll without slipping. It is...
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Actin filaments undergo polymerization and depolymerization from either end. The polymerization and depolymerization rates depend on the cytosolic concentration of free G-actins. The polymerization rate is generally higher at the plus or barbed end, while the depolymerization rate is higher at the minus or pointed end. At a steady state, critical concentration describes the concentration of free G-actin monomers at which the polymerization rate at the plus end is equal to that of the...
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Consider a truck trying to pull a stationary car. As the truck exerts a force on the car, static friction is created at the point of contact between the two surfaces. This frictional force resists the car's movement and keeps it at rest. However, when the applied force by the truck surpasses the limiting static frictional force, an interesting phenomenon occurs. The frictional force at the interface reduces to a lower value, known as the kinetic frictional force. At this point, the car...
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Pattern Generation for Micropattern Traction Microscopy
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Rolling of soft microbots with tunable traction.

Yan Gao1, Brennan Sprinkle2, Ela Springer3

  • 1Materials Science and Engineering Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA.

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Soft microbots (μbots) based on Pickering emulsions offer superior traction and controlled drug delivery compared to rigid designs. Their deformability enhances surface contact, improving translation efficiency and overcoming limitations of current micro-robotics for targeted therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Microbot (μbot)-based targeted drug delivery is a promising strategy to minimize systemic side effects.
  • Existing rigid μbots suffer from significant slip on lubricated surfaces, limiting their efficiency.
  • The inherent deformability of soft materials presents an opportunity to improve μbot performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize magnetically controlled soft microbots for enhanced targeted drug delivery.
  • To investigate the impact of deformability on microbot locomotion and surface interaction.
  • To demonstrate the potential of soft microbots in overcoming limitations of rigid counterparts.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of soft microbots using Pickering emulsions for magnetic control.
  • Utilizing deformability to create a large contact area, mimicking 'deflated tires'.
  • Employing theoretical modeling and simulations to analyze translation speed and traction.
  • Investigating particle reconfiguration via external fields and pH-triggered destabilization.

Main Results:

  • Soft microbots exhibit significantly higher traction compared to rigid microbots due to increased contact area.
  • Translation speed and traction are tunable by reconfiguring surface particles with external magnetic fields.
  • pH-triggered destabilization enables controlled payload release at the target site.

Conclusions:

  • Magnetically controlled soft microbots based on Pickering emulsions offer a novel approach to targeted drug delivery.
  • Their intrinsic deformability fundamentally improves locomotion and adhesion on surfaces.
  • Soft microbots overcome key limitations of rigid designs, including low translation efficiency and drug loading capacity.