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Related Concept Videos

Neurulation01:30

Neurulation

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Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...
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Establishment of an Electrophysiological Platform for Modeling ALS with Regionally-Specific Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Astrocytes and Neurons
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Neuro-mesodermal assembloids recapitulate aspects of peripheral nervous system development in vitro.

Anna F Rockel1, Nicole Wagner1, Peter Spenger1

  • 1Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Koellikerstraße 6, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.

Stem Cell Reports
|April 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new model of peripheral nervous system (PNS) development. This neuro-mesodermal assembloid system mimics neural crest cell (NCC) formation and ganglion development, offering insights into PNS and neurovascular interactions.

Keywords:
assembloidblood vesselhuman induced pluripotent stem cellsmesodermal organoidneural crestneural organoidperipheral nervous systemsensory gangliasensory neuronvasculature

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Peripheral nervous system (PNS) development involves complex interactions between neural crest cells (NCCs) and their microenvironment.
  • Understanding human NCC induction, migration, and differentiation is crucial for regenerative medicine and disease modeling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel neuro-mesodermal assembloid model recapitulating key aspects of human PNS development.
  • To investigate the intricate crosstalk between developing neuroectoderm, mesoderm, and vascular components.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of a neuro-mesodermal assembloid model from human cells.
  • Analysis of neural crest cell (NCC) induction, migration, and differentiation into sensory and sympathetic ganglia.
  • Assessment of neurovascular interactions and functional maturation of sensory neurons.

Main Results:

  • The assembloid model successfully recapitulated NCC induction, migration, and formation of sensory and sympathetic ganglia.
  • Developing peripheral ganglia projected axons into both neural and mesodermal compartments, associating with Schwann cells.
  • Functional analysis revealed sensory ganglia responded to capsaicin, and a neurovascular niche formed through interactions with a developing vascular plexus.

Conclusions:

  • The novel neuro-mesodermal assembloid provides a powerful platform for studying human PNS development and neurocristopathies.
  • This model facilitates investigation of neuro-mesodermal and neuro-vascular crosstalk, crucial for understanding tissue development and homeostasis.
  • The model holds potential for drug screening and toxicity testing related to PNS development and function.