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Mechanical ventilation in dogs and cats with tick paralysis
Tess O'Keeffe1, Rebekah E Donaldson1
1Department of Critical Care, Queensland Veterinary Specialists, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Frontiers in Veterinary Science
|April 24, 2023
Summary
Tick paralysis (TP) in pets causes respiratory failure, requiring mechanical ventilation (MV). Early treatment with hyperimmune serum improves outcomes, with good survival rates for dogs and cats with TP.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Toxicology
- Critical Care
Background:
- Tick paralysis (TP) is a significant cause of mortality in Australian cats and dogs.
- Respiratory failure in TP results from muscle paralysis, airway obstruction, and pulmonary disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current recommendations for mechanical ventilation (MV) in cats and dogs with TP.
- To summarize indications, management strategies, and prognosis for TP patients requiring MV.
- To identify research gaps in TP management.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on tick paralysis and mechanical ventilation in companion animals.
- Analysis of treatment protocols, complications, and outcomes.
- Synthesis of current veterinary critical care guidelines.
Main Results:
- Mechanical ventilation (MV) is crucial for hypoxemia, hypoventilation, or respiratory fatigue in TP.
- Lung protective ventilation is recommended for patients with concurrent pulmonary disease.
- Survival to discharge (STD) ranges from 52.6-77% with lung disease to 90.5% without.
- Median ventilation duration is 23-48 hours, but can extend with complications like aspiration pneumonia.
Conclusions:
- TP management requires tailored ventilation strategies and supportive care.
- Hyperimmune serum treatment is associated with improved outcomes.
- Prognosis is generally good, especially with prompt and appropriate care.
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