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Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
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The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
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Auditory environment diversity quantified using entropy from real-world hearing aid data.

Erik Jorgensen1, Jingjing Xu2, Octav Chipara3

  • 1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.

Frontiers in Digital Health
|April 24, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Younger hearing aid users experience more diverse auditory environments than older users. Entropy effectively quantifies this diversity using hearing aid data, aiding personalized hearing aid processing.

Keywords:
Auditory environmentsecological momentary assessmententropyhearing aidssmart healthsoundscape

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Acoustics
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Hearing aid customization can be improved by understanding users' diverse auditory environments.
  • Previous studies focused on mean sound levels and environment proportions, not diversity.
  • Entropy is introduced as a novel metric to quantify auditory environment diversity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate entropy as a measure of auditory environment diversity for hearing aid users.
  • To compare auditory environment diversity between younger and older hearing aid users.
  • To assess the agreement between objective hearing aid data and subjective self-report measures of environmental diversity.

Main Methods:

  • Four groups (young normal hearing, older hearing loss urban/rural) wore research hearing aids for one week.
  • Hearing aid data (sound pressure level, environment classification) and ecological momentary assessments (EMA) were collected.
  • Entropy was calculated from hearing aid data and EMA responses to quantify environmental diversity.

Main Results:

  • Younger listeners exhibited significantly higher auditory environment diversity (entropy) than older listeners, based on hearing aid data.
  • This difference in diversity was also significant when measured using EMA responses.
  • Entropy differences aligned with previously reported differences in sound levels and hearing aid feature activation.

Conclusions:

  • Entropy is a valid and useful metric for quantifying auditory environment diversity experienced by hearing aid users.
  • Younger individuals encounter a greater diversity of sound environments compared to older individuals.
  • This entropy-based approach offers a simple, intuitive method for enhancing hearing aid personalization.