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The human body contains a monogastric digestive system. In a monogastric digestive system, the stomach only contains one chamber in which it digests food. Several other animal species also have monogastric digestive systems, including pigs, horses, dogs, and birds. This chapter, however, focuses on the human digestive system.
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Host-microbiome interaction in fish and shellfish: An overview.

A D Diwan1, Sanjay N Harke1, Archana N Panche2

  • 1Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Mission (MGM) University, Aurangabad, 431003, Maharashtra, India.

Fish and Shellfish Immunology Reports
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The gut microbiome is crucial for fish and shellfish health, influencing growth, immunity, and nutrient uptake. Understanding host-microbiome interactions is key to advancing aquaculture and discovering novel bio-pharmaceuticals.

Keywords:
FishHostInteractionMechanismMicrobiomeShellfish

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Area of Science:

  • Aquatic microbiology
  • Animal physiology
  • Aquaculture science

Background:

  • The gut microbiome plays a vital role in fish and shellfish health, impacting growth, immunity, and nutrient absorption.
  • It is increasingly recognized as an 'extra organ' due to its influence on host physiology and disease resistance.
  • Microbial communities in aquatic organisms are a source of novel compounds for pharmaceutical and aquaculture applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the comprehensive aspects of host-microbiome interactions in fish and shellfish.
  • To highlight the microbiome's role in immune system function, disease management, and nutrient utilization.
  • To underscore the need for further research into cellular-level interactions, gene expression, and metabolic pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of host-microbiome interactions in aquaculture species.
  • Analysis of the microbiome's contribution to host physiology, including digestion, metabolism, and immunity.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on host-microbe-environment interactions.

Main Results:

  • The gut microbiome significantly enhances nutrient uptake, vitamin production, and digestive efficiency in fish and shellfish.
  • It plays a critical role in bolstering the host's immune system, increasing resilience to infectious diseases.
  • Microbial communities are a rich source of bioactive natural products with potential pharmaceutical applications.

Conclusions:

  • Deciphering gut microbiome dynamics is essential for improving fish and shellfish health and aquaculture productivity.
  • Further investigation into host-microbiome interactions at molecular and cellular levels is necessary.
  • Harnessing the microbiome offers significant opportunities for developing sustainable aquaculture and novel bio-therapeutics.