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Updated: Aug 1, 2025

Evaluation of the Curing of Adhesive Systems by Rheological and Thermal Testing
Published on: July 3, 2020
Vanillin-Based Epoxy Vitrimers: Looking at the Cystamine Hardener from a Different Perspective
Solène Guggari1,2, Fiona Magliozzi2, Samuel Malburet2
1Laboratoire des IMRCP, CNRS UMR 5623, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France.
Abstract:
Epoxy vitrimers encompass many advantages compared to traditional epoxy materials such as recyclability, repairability, and reprocessability. These properties are induced by the incorporation of dynamic reversible covalent bonds. Recently, the incorporation of aromatic disulfide bridges that are dynamic has expanded the development of new eco-friendly epoxy materials. Herein, we studied a bio-based aliphatic disulfide based on cystamine as a hardener with a vanillin-derived bio-sourced epoxy to prepare fully bio-based epoxy vitrimers. This article provides a comparative study between cystamine and an aromatic disulfide benchmark hardener issued from petrol resources. This work demonstrated that the presence of this aliphatic hardener has a significant influence not only on the reactivity, but most importantly on the resulting dynamic properties. An interesting yet counterintuitive accelerating effect of the dynamic exchanges was clearly demonstrated with only 2 to 20% of molar fraction of cystamine added to the aromatic disulfide formulation. A similar glass transition was obtained compared to the purely aromatic analogue, but relaxation times were decreased by an order of magnitude.
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