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Related Concept Videos

Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods01:17

Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods

222
Controlled-potential coulometry, also known as potentiostatic coulometry, employs a three-electrode system in which the working electrode's potential is precisely regulated using a potentiostat. Platinum working electrodes are utilized for positive potentials, while mercury pool electrodes are favored for extremely negative potentials. The platinum counter electrode is separated from the analyte using a membrane or salt bridge to avoid interference in the analysis.
The chosen potential...
222
Controlled-Current Coulometry: Overview01:27

Controlled-Current Coulometry: Overview

256
Controlled current coulometry, also known as amperostatic coulometry, is a technique used in electrochemical analysis to measure the quantity of a substance through the controlled passage of current. It involves the application of a constant current to an electrochemical cell containing the analyte of interest. As the current flows through the cell, the analyte undergoes a redox reaction at the electrode surface, resulting in a charge transfer. By monitoring the time required for a certain...
256

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An Improved Method for Determining Urease Activity from Electrical Conductivity Measurements.

Vinay Krishnan1, Hamed Khodadadi Tirkolaei1, Edward Kavazanjian1

  • 1School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, PO Box 873005, Tempe, Arizona 85287-3005, United States.

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Summary

We developed a new method using electrical conductivity (EC) to measure urease activity. This inexpensive technique accurately determines urease concentration by monitoring urea hydrolysis, offering a viable alternative to traditional assays.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Urease activity is crucial for nitrogen cycling and soil health.
  • Accurate measurement of urease activity is essential for various applications.
  • Traditional assays, like Nessler's reagent, can be time-consuming and costly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an improved, cost-effective method for determining urease activity.
  • To establish a reliable correlation between electrical conductivity (EC) changes and urease concentration.
  • To validate the new EC-based method against a standard colorimetric assay.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized chemical equilibrium modeling (PHREEQC) and empirical equations to relate EC to ammonium and urea concentrations.
  • Developed a function linking the increase in EC during urea hydrolysis to urease activity.
  • Employed continuous EC measurements in a closed reactor system for real-time monitoring.

Main Results:

  • Successfully established a function correlating EC increase to urease activity.
  • Obtained a time-dependent urea substrate concentration profile.
  • Demonstrated comparable accuracy to Nessler's reagent for commercial jack bean urease.

Conclusions:

  • The developed EC-based method provides an inexpensive and accurate means to determine urease activity.
  • This approach offers a valuable alternative for routine urease activity assessment.
  • The method is applicable across diverse research and industrial settings.