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Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

1.7K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.7K
Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

28
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
28
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

19
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
19
Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

29
Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
29
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

1.4K
The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
1.4K
Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

22
Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
22

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 1, 2025

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing
12:45

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing

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Brain dysconnectivity with heart failure.

Karsten Mueller1, Friederike Thiel1,2, Birol Taskin1

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig 04103, Germany.

Brain Communications
|April 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Heart failure is linked to decreased brain connectivity in the precuneus, a region crucial for cognitive function. This decline may indicate shared pathways with Alzheimer's disease and early brain changes.

Keywords:
brain connectivitycognitive impairmentfunctional magnetic resonance imagingheart failureprecuneus

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Heart failure is associated with structural brain damage, but functional brain changes and their link to cognitive decline remain unclear.
  • Existing research lacks a clear pathophysiological connection between heart failure and cognitive impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate functional brain connectivity alterations in patients with heart failure using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
  • To correlate these connectivity changes with cognitive performance and heart failure severity markers.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state fMRI was used to analyze brain connectivity in 80 patients, grouped by coronary artery disease and heart failure status.
  • Network centrality and seed-based correlation analyses were performed.
  • Correlations were examined between centrality measures and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels.

Main Results:

  • Heart failure was associated with decreased network centrality in the precuneus, correlating positively with LVEF and negatively with NT-proBNP.
  • A significant interaction between heart failure and cognitive performance was observed, showing reduced precuneus connectivity to other brain regions.

Conclusions:

  • The precuneus is a key brain region affected by connectivity decline in heart failure, potentially early in the disease process.
  • Findings suggest overlapping pathophysiological pathways or common endpoints between heart failure and Alzheimer's disease, characterized by reduced brain connectivity.
  • Altered precuneus connectivity is linked to cognitive decline in heart failure patients.