First helminthological data on the Iberian adder, Vipera seoanei.

Area of Science:

• Herpetology
• Parasitology
• Ecology

Background:

• The Iberian adder (Vipera seoanei) is a snake species endemic to the Iberian Peninsula.
• Understanding helminth fauna in reptiles is crucial for conservation and ecological studies.
• Previous research indicates helminth impoverishment in European Vipera species.

Purpose of the Study:

• To characterize the helminth fauna of Vipera seoanei.
• To analyze the influence of biological and eco-geographic factors on helminth occurrence and diversity in this species.

Main Methods:

• Examination of 317 preserved stomach and intestine samples from Vipera seoanei across its distributional range.
• Analysis of helminth occurrence in relation to environmental variables such as elevation, temperature, and precipitation.

Main Results:

• The helminth fauna of Vipera seoanei was found to be impoverished, similar to other Iberian Vipera species.
• Unlike Central/East European vipers, helminths were predominantly found in adult snakes.
• Helminth presence was associated with vipers at the species' range periphery, characterized by low elevation, high temperature, high precipitation, and abundant pastures.

Conclusions:

• Eco-geographic factors significantly influence helminth distribution in Vipera seoanei.
• Adult snakes at the periphery of the range, in specific environmental conditions, are more likely to host helminths.
• These findings contribute to understanding host-parasite dynamics in reptiles within unique geographical contexts.