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Updated: Aug 1, 2025

Combining Analysis of DNA in a Crude Virion Extraction with the Analysis of RNA from Infected Leaves to Discover New Virus Genomes

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ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Simuloviridae 2023.

Ying Liu¹, Shishen Du², Xiangdong Chen²

¹Archaeal Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Paris, France.

The Journal of General Virology

|April 24, 2023

Summary

The Simuloviridae family comprises tailless viruses infecting salt-loving archaea. These temperate viruses integrate into host DNA, causing cell lysis upon activation of their lytic cycle.

Keywords:

ICTV Report Simuloviridae taxonomy

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Area of Science:

Virology
Microbiology
Archaea

Background:

The family Simuloviridae consists of tailless, icosahedral viruses.
These viruses possess an internal lipid membrane and a capsid made of two major jelly-roll fold proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) report on the family Simuloviridae.
To provide an overview of the characteristics and taxonomy of Simuloviridae.

Main Methods:

Review and summarization of the ICTV report on Simuloviridae.
Analysis of viral structure, genome, and host range.

Main Results:

Simuloviridae viruses have circular dsDNA genomes (16-19 kb).
They infect halophilic archaea within the Halobacteria class (phylum Euryarchaeota).
These are temperate viruses, with proviruses existing as extrachromosomal episomes.

Conclusions:

Simuloviridae represent a distinct viral family with specific characteristics.
Their life cycle involves integration into archaeal hosts and subsequent lysis.
The ICTV report provides a comprehensive taxonomic summary.