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Grooved Pegboard adds incremental value over memory-apparent performance validity tests in predicting psychiatric

Jeremy D Jinkerson1, Lisa H Lu1,2,3, Jan Kennedy1,2,3

  • 1Brooke Army Medical Center, JBSA - Ft Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX, USA.

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The Grooved Pegboard (GPB) test can help identify unreliable symptom reporting in military personnel. Failing the GPB test adds valuable information beyond memory-based tests for predicting exaggerated psychiatric symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropsychology
  • Psychometrics
  • Forensic Psychology

Background:

  • Performance validity tests (PVTs) are crucial for detecting non-credible symptom reporting in clinical and forensic evaluations.
  • Memory-apparent PVTs are commonly used, but their ability to detect exaggeration may be limited.
  • The Grooved Pegboard (GPB) test assesses fine motor skills and may offer a different pathway to detect invalid performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if the Grooved Pegboard (GPB) test can incrementally predict psychiatric symptom report elevations beyond established memory-apparent PVTs.
  • To determine the added value of GPB performance in identifying non-credible responding in a military sample.
  • To assess the predictive utility of GPB failure in relation to symptom validity measures.

Main Methods:

  • A sample of 111 military personnel completed the GPB, three memory-apparent PVTs, and a symptom validity test (Personality Assessment Inventory Negative Impression Management [NIM]).
  • Hierarchical regression analyses were used to assess the incremental predictive validity of GPB scores on NIM scores.
  • GPB performance was analyzed both as a continuous T-score and dichotomously (pass/fail) using established cutoffs.

Main Results:

  • Non-dominant hand GPB T-scores significantly and incrementally predicted NIM scores beyond memory-apparent PVTs.
  • Dichotomous GPB performance (pass/fail) also demonstrated incremental predictive value for NIM, indicating that failing the GPB added to the prediction of symptom report.
  • These findings suggest that GPB failure is associated with higher psychiatric symptom reporting, even after accounting for memory test performance.

Conclusions:

  • The Grooved Pegboard test serves as a valuable performance validity test (PVT) that can incrementally improve the detection of exaggerated psychiatric symptom reporting.
  • Incorporating the GPB into assessment batteries offers enhanced validity checking, particularly in populations where malingering or symptom over-reporting is a concern.
  • Non-credible performance on motor tasks like the GPB provides unique information not captured by memory-based PVTs, strengthening the overall assessment of response bias.