Estimating vibration artifacts in preclinical experimental assessment of actuator efficiency in bone-conduction...

Test feasibility of a means to distinguish artifact from relevant signal in an experimental method for pre-clinical assessment of bone conduction (BC) stimulation efficiency based on measurement of intracochlear pressure (ICP).

Experiments were performed on fresh-frozen human temporal bones and cadaver heads. In a first step, fiber optic pressure sensors inserted into the cochlea through cochleostomies were intentionally vibrated to generate relative motion versus the stationary specimen, and the resulting ICP artifact recorded, before and after attaching the sensor fiber to the bone with glue. In a second step, BC stimulation was applied in the conventional location for a commercial bone anchored implant, as well as two alternative locations closer to the otic capsule. Again, ICP was recorded and compared with an estimated artifact, calculated from the previous measurements with intentional vibration of the fiber.

Intentional vibration of the sensor fiber creates relative motion between fiber and bone, as intended, and causes an ICP signal. The stimulus does not create substantial promontory vibration, indicating that the measured ICP is all artifact, i.e. would not occur if the sensor were not in place. Fixating the sensor fiber to the bone with glue reduces the ICP artifact by at least 20 dB. BC stimulation also creates relative motion between sensor fiber and bone, as expected, from which an estimated ICP artifact level can be calculated. The ICP signal measured during BC stimulation is well above the estimated artifact, at least in some specimens and at some frequencies, indicating "real" cochlear stimulation, which would result in an auditory percept in a live subject. Stimulation at the alternative locations closer to the otic capsule appear to result in higher ICP (no statistical analysis performed), indicating a trend towards more efficient stimulation than at the conventional location.

Intentional vibration of the fiber optic sensor for measurement of ICP can be used to derive an estimate of the artifact to be expected when measuring ICP during BC stimulation, and to characterize the effectiveness of glues or other means of reducing the artifact caused by relative motion of fiber and bone.