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Related Experiment Videos

Effect of gum hardness on chewing pattern.

O Plesh, B Bishop, W McCall

    Experimental Neurology
    |June 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Altering gum hardness changes chewing timing and masseter muscle activity by modifying sensory feedback. This affects the central pattern generator controlling chewing movements.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Biomechanics
    • Physiology

    Background:

    • Chewing rhythm is regulated by a central pattern generator.
    • Sensory feedback significantly influences masticatory motor control.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate how altered sensory feedback from varying gum hardness affects chewing timing, maximal gape, and masseter muscle activity.
    • To understand the impact of proprioceptive feedback on the masticatory central pattern generator.

    Main Methods:

    • Ten adult subjects chewed soft and hard gum in a randomized order.
    • Jaw movements were recorded using kinesiography.
    • Masseter muscle activity was measured via surface electromyography (EMG).

    Main Results:

    • Subjects chewed hard gum more slowly than soft gum (9/10 participants).
    • Maximal gape remained unchanged, but cycle duration increased due to longer opening and occlusal phases.
    • Masseter muscle activity duration and intensity increased significantly with harder gum.

    Conclusions:

    • Gum hardness, by altering proprioceptive feedback, modifies the masticatory central pattern generator's output.
    • Temporal aspects of chewing and masseteric motor pool output are affected by changes in gum hardness.

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