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Systematic review of genotoxicity induced by occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs

Dorian Vanneste1, Eline Verscheure1, Adhithya Narayanan Srinivasan1

  • 1Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, ON5 Herestraat 49, Box 952, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.

Archives of Toxicology
|April 26, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Occupational exposure to antineoplastic agents can cause genotoxic damage in healthcare workers. More research is needed on epigenetic effects and exposure in non-healthcare workers.

Area of Science:

  • Occupational health
  • Toxicology
  • Cancer research

Background:

  • Rising cancer incidence necessitates increased antineoplastic agent use, leading to higher occupational exposure risks.
  • Occupational exposure to antineoplastic agents poses potential health risks to workers.
  • Understanding genotoxic and epigenetic effects is crucial for worker safety.

Approach:

  • Systematic literature review of genotoxic and epigenetic effects from occupational exposure to antineoplastic agents.
  • Searched four databases for relevant studies.
  • Included 62 papers from 245 retrieved for analysis.

Key Points:

  • Confirmed that occupational exposure to antineoplastic agents can induce genotoxic damage in healthcare workers.
  • Identified a significant lack of data regarding exposure and effects in workers outside of healthcare settings.
  • Highlighted gaps in understanding epigenetic effects and concentration-effect relationships.

Conclusions:

  • Occupational exposure to antineoplastic agents is linked to genotoxic damage in healthcare workers.
  • Further research is essential to address knowledge gaps concerning epigenetic effects and non-healthcare worker exposure.
  • Establishing concentration-effect relationships is a key area for future investigation.
Keywords:
Antineoplastic drugCytostaticDNA damageGenotoxicityOccupational exposure

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