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Updated: Aug 1, 2025

A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies
Published on: April 12, 2017
Nephrotoxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitor combination therapy in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma: a
An-Ju Tan1, Dun-Chang Mo2, Ka Wu3
1Department of pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Dan-Cun Road No.13, Nanning, Guangxi, China. tananju123@163.com.
Purpose:
Few data are available regarding the nephrotoxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combination therapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). This study aimed to investigate the nephrotoxicity of ICI-based combination therapy versus standard of care sunitinib in patients with advanced RCC.
Methods:
We searched Embase/PubMed/Cochrane Library for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Treatment-related nephrotoxicities including increase of creatinine and proteinuria were analyzed by Review Manager 5.4 software.
Results:
Seven RCTs involving 5239 patients were included. The analysis showed that ICI combination therapy had similar risks of any grade (RR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.77-1.37, P = 0.87) and grade 3-5 (RR = 1.48, 95% CI: 0.19-11.66, P = 0.71) increased creatinine compared with sunitinib monotherapy. However, ICI combination therapy was associated with significantly higher risks of any grade (RR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.54-3.51, P < 0.0001) and grade 3-5 proteinuria (RR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.21-4.17, P = 0.01).
Conclusions:
This meta-analysis suggests that ICI combination therapy shows more nephrotoxicity of proteinuria than sunitinib in advanced RCC, which deserves a high attention in the clinic.
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