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Related Experiment Videos

Axis determination in polyspermic Xenopus laevis eggs.

J A Render, R P Elinson

    Developmental Biology
    |June 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    In polyspermic frog eggs, multiple sperm cooperate to establish a single embryonic axis. Egg halves bisected after cytoplasmic reorganization show distinct dorsal-ventral development, impacting tadpole formation.

    Area of Science:

    • Developmental biology
    • Cell biology
    • Embryology

    Background:

    • Polyspermic eggs, characterized by pigment accumulation and white stripes, arise from a nocodazole-sensitive process.
    • Xenopus laevis eggs can accommodate up to four sperm and still form a single embryonic axis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the cooperative role of sperm in establishing a single embryonic axis in polyspermic Xenopus laevis eggs.
    • To analyze the developmental potential of dorsal and ventral egg halves after bisection at different stages before the first cleavage.

    Main Methods:

    • Polyspermic Xenopus laevis eggs were identified by pigment accumulation and white stripes.
    • Dispermic eggs with specific sperm entry point (SEP) separation were bisected along the white stripe before first cleavage.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Egg halves were analyzed for their ability to cleave and form tadpoles at different times during cytoplasmic reorganization.

    • Main Results:

    • Bisecting eggs early in cytoplasmic reorganization (0.5-0.6 normalized time) resulted in each half forming a complete tadpole.
    • Later bisection (0.8-0.9 normalized time) often yielded one half forming a tadpole with a head and reduced tail, and the other with a tail and reduced head.
    • These findings highlight the cooperative function of sperm in axis formation and differential development of egg halves.

    Conclusions:

    • Sperm cooperate to ensure the formation of a single embryonic axis in polyspermic Xenopus laevis eggs.
    • The reorganization of the cytoplasm before the first cleavage is critical for establishing distinct dorsal and ventral developmental pathways.