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Simulation of particle release for Diffusing Alpha-Emitters Radiation Therapy.

Dmytro Fedorchenko¹, Shlomi Alani¹

¹Ziv Medical Center, Derech HaRambam, Zefat, 13100, Israel.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes : Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine

|April 26, 2023

Summary

Monte Carlo simulations show that daughter nuclei release from Diffusing Alpha-Emitters Radiation Therapy (DART) seeds is significant. This release and internal seed decays contribute substantially to radiation dose, impacting treatment efficacy.

Keywords:

Alpha-particle therapy Monte Carlo simulation Radium-224

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Area of Science:

Medical Physics
Nuclear Medicine
Radiation Oncology

Background:

Diffusing Alpha-Emitters Radiation Therapy (DART) utilizes ²²⁴Ra seeds for targeted internal radiotherapy.
Understanding the release of daughter nuclei and their contribution to dose is crucial for optimizing DART efficacy and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the release of ²²⁴Ra daughter nuclei (²¹⁶Po, ²¹²Pb) from DART seeds.
To quantify the dose contribution from decays occurring within the DART seed.

Main Methods:

Monte Carlo simulations were employed to model the release dynamics of ²²⁴Ra daughter nuclei.
Desorption probabilities for key daughter isotopes were calculated.
Tissue dose from internal seed decays was estimated based on initial ²²⁴Ra activity.

Main Results:

Calculated desorption probabilities for ²¹⁶Po and ²¹²Pb were 15% and 12%, respectively, indicating significant release.
These daughter nuclei contribute substantially to the total release from the seed.
Dose to tissue from decays within the 10 mm seed exceeded 2.9 Gy for an initial ²²⁴Ra activity of 3 μCi (111 kBq).

Conclusions:

The release of ²²⁴Ra daughter nuclei from DART seeds is a significant factor in treatment.
Internal seed decays contribute substantially to the overall radiation dose delivered.
These findings are essential for refining DART protocols and ensuring accurate dose calculations for effective cancer treatment.