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Related Concept Videos

Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
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Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
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Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...
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Viruses of Archaea

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Archaeal viruses play a crucial role in the ecosystems of extremophilic archaea, particularly those belonging to the phyla Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. By shaping host evolution and facilitating gene transfer, these viruses influence microbial communities and contribute to genetic diversity in extreme environments. The archaea they infect thrive in acidic hot springs and hydrothermal vents characterized by high temperatures and low pH. Archaeal viruses exhibit remarkable structural...
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Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

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The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 1, 2025

Protocols for Investigating the Host-tissue Distribution, Transmission-mode, and Effect on the Host Fitness of a Densovirus in the Cotton Bollworm
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Viruses and celiac disease: what do we know ?

Ramon Cohen1,2, Keren Mahlab-Guri3, Malka Atali4

  • 1Internal Department B, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel. ramonco@clalit.org.il.

Clinical and Experimental Medicine
|April 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Certain viruses may trigger celiac disease (CD) in genetically susceptible individuals, particularly when an inflammatory background exists. Further research is needed to clarify the precise role of viruses in celiac disease development and prevention.

Keywords:
CeliacCoeliacGlutenVirus

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten in genetically predisposed individuals.
  • The role of viral infections in the etiology and pathogenesis of celiac disease remains incompletely understood.
  • Understanding viral involvement may offer new avenues for prevention and treatment strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Viruses are implicated in the development of celiac disease, but only specific viruses appear to induce the condition.
  • Viral induction of celiac disease requires more than simple mimicry or elevated tissue transglutaminase antibodies (TGA); an inflammatory background is crucial.
  • Interferon type 1 plays a significant role in the interplay between viruses and celiac disease pathogenesis.
  • Further research is essential to elucidate the precise mechanisms and identify therapeutic targets for virus-associated celiac disease.