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Current Methods for Identifying Plasma Membrane Proteins as Cancer Biomarkers.

Edwin de Jong1, Armagan Kocer1

  • 1Department of Bioelectric Signaling and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.

Membranes
|April 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This review explores challenges and methods for identifying cancer-related plasma membrane proteins. These proteins are crucial for cell function and cancer development, offering potential for early detection and targeted therapies.

Keywords:
biomarkerscancercell surface profilingmembrane proteinstumor markers

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Plasma membrane proteins are vital biomolecules regulating cellular transport, communication, and immune identity.
  • Aberrant expression or mutations in these proteins are linked to various diseases, notably cancer, where they contribute to specific molecular signatures.
  • Their surface-exposed domains present opportunities for developing targeted cancer drugs and imaging agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the challenges associated with identifying cancer-related plasma membrane proteins.
  • To discuss current methodologies, categorizing them into biased (targeting known proteins) and unbiased (discovering novel proteins) approaches.
  • To explore the potential impact of plasma membrane proteins on early cancer detection and treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of identification methodologies into biased and unbiased approaches.
  • Discussion of techniques used to identify known membrane proteins within cells (biased methods).
  • Explanation of methods for discovering unknown membrane proteins without prior assumptions (unbiased methods).

Main Results:

  • Identification of significant challenges in pinpointing cancer-specific membrane proteins.
  • Detailed overview of existing biased and unbiased methodologies for membrane protein identification.
  • Highlighting the critical role of membrane proteins as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in oncology.

Conclusions:

  • Overcoming challenges in identifying cancer-related plasma membrane proteins is key for advancing cancer diagnostics and therapeutics.
  • Both biased and unbiased methods are essential for a comprehensive understanding of membrane proteomes in cancer.
  • Plasma membrane proteins hold significant promise for improving early cancer detection and enabling more effective, targeted treatment strategies.