Lévy Flights Diffusion with Drift in Heterogeneous Membranes

The modelling of diffusion in membranes is essential to understanding transport processes through membranes, especially when it comes to improving process efficiency. The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between membrane structures, external forces, and the characteristic features of diffusive transport. We investigate Cauchy flight diffusion with drift in heterogeneous membrane-like structures. The study focuses on numerical simulation of particle movement across different membrane structures with differently spaced obstacles. Four studied structures are similar to real polymeric membranes filled with inorganic powder, while the next three structures are designed to show which distribution of obstacles can cause changes in transport. The movement of particles driven by Cauchy flights is compared to a Gaussian random walk both with and without additional drift action. We show that effective diffusion in membranes with an external drift depends on the type of the internal mechanism that causes the movement of particles as well as on the properties of the environment. In general, when movement steps are provided by the long-tailed Cauchy distribution and the drift is sufficiently strong, superdiffusion is observed. On the other hand, strong drift can effectively stop Gaussian diffusion.