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Calcium phytate reverses high glucose-inhibited osteogenesis of BMSCs via the MAPK/JNK pathway

Jiaxin Lv1,2, Qiaona Wang2,3, Dongyu Liu1,2

  • 1Department of Dental Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Oral Diseases
|April 27, 2023
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Calcium phytate (Ca-phytate) promotes bone regeneration in diabetic rats and reverses high glucose-inhibited osteogenesis in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) by activating the MAPK/JNK pathway.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus (DM) impairs bone formation and causes oxidative stress.
  • Phytic acid exhibits antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties.
  • Osteogenesis in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) is inhibited by high glucose (HG).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate calcium phytate's (Ca-phytate) potential to reverse HG-induced inhibition of osteogenesis in hBMSCs.
  • To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms, focusing on the MAPK/JNK pathway.
  • To evaluate Ca-phytate's efficacy in promoting bone regeneration in a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rat model.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated DM in vitro using HG and palmitic acid on hBMSCs.
  • Assessed osteogenic differentiation via alkaline phosphatase, alizarin red S staining, qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence.
  • Utilized a T2DM rat cranial defect model and MAPK/JNK pathway inhibitors.

Main Results:

  • Ca-phytate at 34 μM significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation in HG conditions.
  • Ca-phytate treatment accelerated cranial bone defect healing in T2DM rats.
  • Ca-phytate restored MAPK/JNK pathway activation inhibited by HG, and JNK pathway blockade diminished Ca-phytate's osteogenic effects.

Conclusions:

  • Ca-phytate effectively induces bone regeneration in vivo and reverses HG-impaired osteogenesis in hBMSCs.
  • The pro-osteogenic effects of Ca-phytate are mediated through the MAPK/JNK signaling pathway.
Keywords:
Ca‐phytateMAPK/JNK signalling pathwayhBMSCshigh glucoseosteogenesis

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