Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Mexican Subjects with Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review

Background: An excess accumulation of adipose tissue in the body is an indication of overweight (OW) and obesity (OB). In Mexico, excess body weight is a public health concern due to the high prevalence of OW and OB. In the last few years, evidence has linked oxidative stress (OS) to excess body weight. It is necessary to understand this relationship to generate strategies for the prevention of OW and OB in the Mexican population. This systematic review focuses on identifying differences in OS biomarkers in the Mexican population with excess body weight in comparison to the population with normal body weight. Methods: A systematic review was performed. The studies were identified through the MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Scielo, and Liliacs online databases, and the gray literature in Google Scholar. The key words used were "overweight," "obesity," "Mexico," and "oxidative stress." Results: Four studies were selected; the studies were performed in rural and urban areas of Mexico. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) were the OS biomarkers that were increased in the population with excess body weight compared to subjects with normal body weight. Conclusion: According to the included studies, MDA and LDL-ox increased significantly, while the increase in the levels of circulating lipids was enhanced by the excess adipose tissue present in individuals with OW and OB.