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Superimposition Study to Determine the Angular Arterial Distribution and Its Clinical Application

Hyun Jin Shin1, Hee-Jin Kim2, Wu-Chul Song3

  • 1From the Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
|April 27, 2023
PubMed

Insights

This study mapped the angular artery (AA) distribution in the medial canthal area. Findings reveal the AA

Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Surgical Anatomy
  • Vascular Anatomy

Background:

  • The medial canthal area is crucial for facial aesthetics and function.
  • Preventing angular artery (AA) injury during facial surgery in this region is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To precisely map the distribution of the angular artery (AA) within the medial canthal region.
  • To establish a reliable arterial course for the AA to guide surgical procedures.
  • To minimize the risk of AA injury during medial canthal and nasal root surgeries.

Main Methods:

  • Dissection of 36 hemifaces from 18 cadavers to analyze AA course and location.
  • Measurement of horizontal distances from the medial canthus to the AA.
  • Ultrasonography on living subjects to determine AA diameter and depth.

Main Results:

  • The angular artery (AA) was predominantly located within the vertical line of the medial canthus.
  • Mean horizontal distances from the medial canthus level and 2 cm below were 9.0 ± 2.0 mm and 1.9 ± 2.4 mm, respectively.
  • Ultrasonography showed the AA situated 2.3 ± 0.9 mm beneath the skin with a diameter of 1.7 ± 0.3 mm.

Conclusions:

  • The angular artery (AA) exhibits a consistent course along the nasojugal fold.
  • AA distribution is concentrated between the medial canthus and facial midline, scarce in lateral thirds.
  • Detailed knowledge of AA anatomy aids surgeons in preventing vascular injury and reducing surgical risks.
Abstract

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