Peritoneal inclusion cysts in a young male: A case report

Peritoneal inclusion cyst is a rare benign condition with low potential for malignant transformation but high recurrence rates. Debulking surgery is the recommended first line management for these patients, however, recurrence rates are up to 50 % (Padmanabhan et al., 2020; Chapel and Husain, 2021).

A 26-year-old male being worked up for non-specific abdominal pain with cross-sectional imaging showing multiple multicystic lesions in the abdomen and pelvis. There was a pre-operative suspicion of Pseudomyxoma Peritonei and decision was made for diagnostic laparoscopy and biopsy. Mucin and an abnormal small bowel mesentery was found intraoperatively and sampled leading to the diagnosis of peritoneal inclusion cyst.

Treatment of peritoneal inclusion cyst range from surveillance to aggressive treatment with complete cytoreductive surgery with involved field peritonectomy and hyperthermic intra-peritoneal chemotherapy.

First line management of peritoneal inclusion cysts is for debulking surgery. Arguments for less invasive and more aggressive management has been proposed, however, further data needs to be collected to determine gold standard of treatment.