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Structural and functional analysis of the newt lymphatic system
Chihena H Banda1, Makoto Shiraishi1, Kohei Mitsui1
1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie Prefecture, 514-8507, Japan.
Scientific Reports
|April 27, 2023
Summary
Newts regenerate limbs despite lacking essential lymphatic hearts. Instead, they have a unique intraosseous lymphatic network within bone, revealing key immune system differences for regeneration research.
Area of Science:
- Comparative immunology
- Regenerative biology
- Vascular anatomy
Background:
- Vertebrate regeneration is linked to immune system characteristics.
- Newts and salamanders have lymphatic hearts, connections between lymphatic and blood vessels.
- The function of lymphatic vasculature and connections in regeneration is not understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of lymphatic vasculature and lymphaticovenous connections in newt limb regeneration.
- To characterize the lymphatic system anatomy in the newt Cynops pyrrhogaster.
- To explore potential differences in lymphatic systems between regenerating urodeles and mammals.
Main Methods:
- In-vivo near-infrared lymphangiography
- Ultra-high frequency ultrasonography
- Micro-CT lymphangiography
- Histological serial section 3D computer reconstruction
- Supermicrosurgery
Main Results:
- Lymphatic hearts are not essential for lymphatic circulation or limb regeneration in newts.
- A novel intraosseous lymphatic network within bone was identified, expressing VEGFR-3, LYVE-1, and CD-31.
- Newt bone marrow serves as a lymphatic drainage organ and fat reservoir.
- Prox-1 expression was not detected in the intraosseous lymphatic vessels.
Conclusions:
- The study reveals fundamental anatomical differences in the immune and lymphatic systems between urodeles and mammals.
- Newt limb regeneration does not rely on lymphatic hearts but involves a unique intraosseous lymphatic network.
- This research provides a model for studying lymphatics and regeneration.
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