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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
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Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
Description of the Procedures
Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans use X-ray technology to generate detailed images of bones, organs, and tissues. During the scan, the patient lies on a moving table...
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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
Fundamental Principles of PET
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Imaging CAR-T Synapse as a Quality Control for CAR Engineering.

Qian Xiao1,2,3, Xiaolei Su4,5

  • 1Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|April 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy shows promise beyond blood cancers. New quality control assays, including cell-cell conjugation and CD45 exclusion, validate CAR efficacy for diverse applications.

Keywords:
CAR-TCD45Cell conjugationChimeric antigen receptorImmunological synapse

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Area of Science:

  • Immunotherapy
  • Cellular Engineering
  • Cancer Treatment

Background:

  • Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is effective against blood cancers.
  • CAR-T applications are expanding to solid tumors, autoimmune diseases, viral infections, and fibrosis.
  • Developing new CARs targeting diverse antigens is crucial for these expanded applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish quality control methods for validating newly developed CARs.
  • To assess the prerequisites for functional CAR-T cell activation.
  • To identify reasons for ineffective CAR-T activation.

Main Methods:

  • Described two novel quality control assays for CAR validation.
  • Utilized a cell-cell conjugation assay to evaluate CAR-antigen binding in a cellular context.
  • Employed CD45 exclusion in the synapse assay to assess CAR signaling potential.

Main Results:

  • The developed assays serve as quality control for newly designed CARs.
  • Cell-cell conjugation assay reflects efficient CAR-antigen binding.
  • CD45 exclusion in the synapse indicates CAR signaling potential.

Conclusions:

  • These assays are essential for validating CAR functionality.
  • They help identify and understand causes of ineffective CAR-T activation.
  • The methods support the advancement of CAR-T therapy for broader clinical use.