Lipid Droplets from Plants and Microalgae: Characteristics, Extractions, and Applications

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Cell Biology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Lipid droplets (LDs) in plants and algae are increasingly recognized for non-chemical lipid and oil production.
• These organelles consist of a neutral lipid core enclosed by a phospholipid monolayer and associated proteins.
• LDs play crucial roles in biological processes including lipid transport, signaling, membrane dynamics, and inter-organelle communication.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in understanding LD characteristics.
• To systematically present and analyze various LD extraction strategies.
• To discuss the potential functions and applications of LDs in diverse fields.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on plant and algal lipid droplet research.
• Systematic analysis of existing and emerging LD extraction techniques.
• Synthesis of information on LD properties, functions, and applications.

Main Results:

• Recent progress in characterizing plant and algal LDs has been described.
• Various LD extraction strategies are systematically introduced, highlighting their methodologies.
• Potential applications of LDs in scientific research and commercial sectors are discussed.

Conclusions:

• Developing effective LD extraction methods is crucial for harnessing their potential.
• This review provides insights into LD properties, functions, and extraction approaches.
• The findings aim to stimulate further research and innovation in LD-based technologies.