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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray01:20

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The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
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An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
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Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Echocardiography plays a role in assessing cardiac health and detecting heart conditions, with various types providing critical insights for diagnosis and treatment.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 1, 2025

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Structural Abnormalities in Brugada Syndrome and Non-Invasive Cardiac Imaging: A Systematic Review.

Martina De Raffele1, Assunta Di Domenico1, Cristina Balla1

  • 1Cardiovascular Institute, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, 44124 Cona, FE, Italy.

Biology
|April 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Structural abnormalities in Brugada syndrome (BrS) are linked to specific imaging findings. These features, particularly in SCN5A mutation carriers, may influence prognosis, warranting further investigation.

Keywords:
Brugada syndromecardiac magnetic resonancecardiomyopathyechocardiography

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Brugada syndrome (BrS) traditionally viewed as electrical disorder.
  • Imaging's role in BrS diagnosis currently limited.
  • Controversial findings on structural/functional abnormalities in BrS patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Identify structural abnormalities in BrS.
  • Assess association with symptoms, risk stratification, and prognosis.
  • Review echocardiography and cardiac MRI findings in BrS.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of echocardiography and cardiac MRI studies.
  • Searched databases: Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Biomed Central.
  • Included English, peer-reviewed articles up to November 2021 (19 studies selected from 596 records).

Main Results:

  • Common imaging findings: RV dilation, wall motion abnormalities, delayed contraction, speckle/feature tracking issues, LGE, and RV fat infiltration.
  • These abnormalities more frequent in SCN5A gene mutation carriers.
  • Heterogeneity observed within the BrS population.

Conclusions:

  • Echocardiography and cardiac MRI reveal specific imaging features associated with BrS.
  • Imaging anomalies are more prevalent in patients with SCN5A mutations.
  • Further research needed to link Brugada pattern, imaging findings, and prognosis.