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Distribution of Causative Microorganisms in Diabetic Foot Infections: A Ten-Year Retrospective Study in a Tertiary

Parichehr Hadi1, Sanjiv Rampal1, Vasantha Kumari Neela2

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 28, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Diabetic foot infections (DFI) in Malaysia show common Gram-negative bacteria like Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotic prescribing trends reveal ampicillin/sulbactam as frequently used for DFI treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Endocrinology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is a global health crisis, with diabetic foot infections (DFI) posing significant risks.
  • Limited local data exists on microbial patterns and antibiotic use for DFI in Malaysia.
  • Understanding these trends is crucial for effective DFI management in tertiary care settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze microorganism profiles in diabetic foot infections.
  • To investigate empirical and therapeutic antibiotic prescription patterns.
  • To inform local guidelines for DFI management.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, cross-sectional study.
  • Data collected from 434 patients with DFI (Wagner classification) from January 2010 to December 2019.
  • Analysis of isolated microorganisms and prescribed antibiotics.

Main Results:

  • Highest infection rates observed in patients aged 58–68 years.
  • Predominant Gram-negative isolates: Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Proteus spp., Proteus mirabilis.
  • Common Gram-positive isolates: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, MRSA.
  • Most frequent empirical antibiotics: ampicillin/sulbactam, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime.
  • Most common therapeutic antibiotics: ampicillin/sulbactam, ciprofloxacin, cefuroxime.

Conclusions:

  • Local microbiological data is essential for guiding DFI treatment.
  • Identified pathogens and antibiotic trends can optimize empirical therapy.
  • Findings support the development of evidence-based DFI management protocols in Malaysia.
Keywords:
amputationantibioticsdiabetic footinfectionmicroorganisms

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