Detection of Genes Encoding Microbial Surface Component Recognizing Adhesive Matrix Molecules in...

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Dermatology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Pyoderma is a common skin infection often caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
• Antibiotic resistance in S. aureus, particularly methicillin resistance, limits treatment options.
• Understanding resistance patterns and virulence factors is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare antibiotic resistance patterns in S. aureus isolates from pyoderma patients.
• To detect the presence of the mecA gene and genes encoding microbial surface component recognizing adhesive matrix molecules (MSCRAMMs).
• To analyze the association between resistance and specific virulence genes in MRSA and MSSA.

Main Methods:

• Antimicrobial susceptibility testing using disk diffusion assay on 116 S. aureus strains.
• Detection of mecA, femA, and various MSCRAMM genes (bbp, fnbB, can, clfA, fnbA).
• Statistical analysis to compare resistance patterns between MRSA and MSSA.

Main Results:

• 62.93% of isolates were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA).
• Linezolid was the most effective antibiotic, followed by rifampin and chloramphenicol.
• MRSA strains showed significant resistance to ceftaroline, rifampin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and chloramphenicol.
• The mecA gene was present in all cefoxitin-resistant isolates, and femA in all MRSA isolates.
• Specific MSCRAMM genes (bbp, fnbB, can, clfA, fnbA) were prevalent, particularly in MRSA.

Conclusions:

• The study highlights significant antibiotic resistance in local S. aureus strains causing pyoderma, especially in MRSA.
• Understanding the genetic basis of resistance and virulence is essential for developing targeted therapies.
• Linezolid and rifampin show promise as effective treatments against resistant S. aureus.