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Dual Stimuli-Responsive Orthodontic Aligners: An In Vitro Study.

Dennis Schönfeld1, Samantha Koss2, Nils Vohl2

  • 1Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new shape memory polymer (SMP) offers a novel approach to orthodontic aligner therapy. This biocompatible material can correct tooth displacement through thermal triggering, potentially reducing aligner waste.

Keywords:
aligner therapyshape memory polymerthermo-responsivethermoplastic polyurethanewater-responsive

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Orthodontics

Background:

  • Aligner therapy is increasingly important in orthodontics.
  • Current aligners often lead to material waste.
  • Novel materials are needed for improved aligner therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel thermo- and water-responsive shape memory polymer (SMP) for orthodontic aligner therapy.
  • To investigate the properties and efficacy of this new SMP in correcting malocclusion.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization of thermoplastic polyurethane SMP using DSC and DMA.
  • In vitro cytotoxicity testing using mouse fibroblast cells.
  • Fabrication and testing of SMP aligners on a dental model with induced malocclusion.

Main Results:

  • The SMP exhibited a glass transition temperature of 50°C (DSC) and a tan δ peak at 60°C (DMA).
  • The SMP was found to be non-cytotoxic in vitro.
  • SMP aligners successfully corrected a simulated malocclusion of 3.5 mm arc length via thermal triggering, with a maximum force of approximately 1 N.
  • Shape recovery was achieved within 20 hours in 37°C water.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SMP demonstrates promising properties for a new generation of orthodontic aligners.
  • This material offers a potential solution for reducing the number of aligners and material waste in orthodontic treatment.
  • Further research could lead to more efficient and sustainable aligner therapy.