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Schemas01:42

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A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
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A schema is a mental construct that organizes related concepts, allowing the brain to process information efficiently. Upon activation, schemata facilitate assumptions about people or objects.
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The hazard rate, also known as the hazard function or failure rate, is a statistical measure used to describe the instantaneous rate at which an event occurs, given that the event has not yet happened. From a probabilistic perspective, it represents the likelihood that a subject will experience the event in a very small time interval, conditional on surviving up to the beginning of that interval. In terms of frequency, the hazard rate can be viewed as the ratio of the number of events to the...
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The hazard ratio (HR) is a widely used measure in clinical trials to compare the risk of events, such as death or disease recurrence, between two groups over time. It reflects the ratio of hazard rates—the instantaneous risk of the event occurring—between a treatment group and a control group. This measure provides valuable insights into the relative effectiveness of a treatment by assessing how the risk of an event differs between the two groups.
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A Knowledge Graph Approach to Elucidate the Role of Organellar Pathways in Disease via Biomedical Reports
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Development of a Knowledge Graph for Automatic Job Hazard Analysis: The Schema.

Sonali Pandithawatta1, Seungjun Ahn2, Raufdeen Rameezdeen1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces the Job Hazard Analysis Knowledge Graph (JHAKG), a novel ontology for safety management. The JHAKG enhances Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) document quality by integrating explicit and implicit knowledge.

Keywords:
METHONTOLOGYconstruction safetyexplicit knowledgeimplicit knowledgejob hazard analysisknowledge graphknowledge managementontologyontology schemasafety management

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Safety and Health
  • Knowledge Engineering
  • Ontology Development

Background:

  • Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) is crucial for safety management systems but is currently performed manually, relying on subjective expertise.
  • Implicit knowledge in JHA is often unformalized, leading to potential gaps in safety assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a comprehensive ontology representing the JHA knowledge domain, including implicit knowledge.
  • To create a structured knowledge base, the Job Hazard Analysis Knowledge Graph (JHAKG), for improved JHA practices.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 115 JHA documents and interviews with 18 domain experts.
  • Application of the METHONTOLOGY systematic approach for ontology development.
  • Construction of the Job Hazard Analysis Knowledge Graph (JHAKG) as a knowledge base.

Main Results:

  • The JHAKG effectively functions as a knowledge base, answering queries on hazards, risks, and control measures.
  • Validation through a case study confirmed the JHAKG's capability to provide comprehensive safety information.
  • The knowledge graph integrates both explicit and previously implicit JHA knowledge.

Conclusions:

  • The JHAKG offers a systematic approach to capturing and utilizing JHA knowledge.
  • Utilizing the JHAKG is expected to produce higher quality JHA documents compared to manual methods.
  • This ontology-based knowledge graph enhances the completeness and comprehensiveness of safety analyses.