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The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
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Development of an Audio-based Virtual Gaming Environment to Assist with Navigation Skills in the Blind
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Sound-Based Localization Using LSTM Networks for Visually Impaired Navigation.

Mohsen Bakouri1,2, Naif Alyami1, Ahmad Alassaf1

  • 1Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied Medical Science, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a sound-based navigation system using ultrasound for visually impaired individuals. The prototype achieved high accuracy in localizing users and finding shortest paths, enhancing autonomous mobility.

Keywords:
indoor outdoor navigationlong short-term memorysound source localizationvisually impaired peoplevoice recognition

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Area of Science:

  • Assistive Technology
  • Robotics and Autonomous Systems
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Visually impaired individuals face significant challenges in autonomous navigation.
  • Existing assistive technologies often lack comprehensive environmental awareness and precise localization capabilities.
  • There is a need for robust, real-time navigation solutions for the blind and visually impaired.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a prototype sound-based localization system for visually impaired individuals.
  • To enhance autonomous navigation and maneuvering capabilities for the blind and visually impaired.
  • To integrate ultrasonic sensing, voice recognition, and pathfinding algorithms for improved spatial awareness.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of a wireless ultrasound network for obstacle detection and localization.
  • Utilization of voice recognition and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks for algorithm design.
  • Application of the Dijkstra algorithm for shortest path determination.
  • Integration of assistive hardware: ultrasonic sensor network, GPS, and digital compass.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a root mean square error of approximately 0.192 for indoor localization after 45 trials.
  • The Dijkstra algorithm accurately determined the shortest distance between locations with 97% accuracy.
  • Successfully localized indoor nodes (kitchen, bathroom, bedroom) and outdoor areas (mosque, laundry, supermarket, home).

Conclusions:

  • The developed sound-based system effectively aids visually impaired individuals in autonomous navigation.
  • The integration of ultrasonic sensors and advanced algorithms provides precise localization and pathfinding.
  • This prototype demonstrates a promising approach to improving mobility and independence for the blind and visually impaired.