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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Trials01:16

Clinical Trials

6.9K
Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
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Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:23

Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management

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The clinical manifestations of gastritis can vary depending on the cause and type of gastritis, but some common symptoms may include the following.
Clinical manifestations of acute gastritis
The patient with acute gastritis may have a rapid onset of symptoms, such as epigastric pain or discomfort, dyspepsia, anorexia, hiccups, or nausea and vomiting, which can last from a few hours to a few days. Erosive or hemorrhagic gastritis may cause bleeding, which may manifest as blood in vomit or as...
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Clinical Trials: Overview01:11

Clinical Trials: Overview

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Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
504
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management01:29

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management

128
Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
128
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors01:19

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

221
α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 1, 2025

Author Spotlight: Evaluating the Adjuvant Efficacy and Safety of Angong Niuhuang Pill in Viral Encephalitis Treatment
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An Oral Galectin Inhibitor in COVID-19-A Phase II Randomized Controlled Trial.

Alben Sigamani1, Kevin H Mayo2, Michelle C Miller2

  • 1Carmel Research Consultancy Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru 560025, Karnataka, India.

Vaccines
|April 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

ProLectin-M (PL-M) tablets significantly reduced viral loads in COVID-19 patients, demonstrating rapid viral clearance. This galectin-3 inhibitor shows promise for treating and preventing SARS-CoV-2 transmission.

Keywords:
ProLectin-MSARS-CoV-2clinical trialgalectin-3spike protein

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are effective against severe disease but not transmission.
  • Galectin-3 (Gal-3) inhibitors offer a potential strategy for COVID-19 treatment and transmission prevention.
  • ProLectin-M (PL-M), a Gal-3 antagonist, previously demonstrated ability to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of ProLectin-M (PL-M) tablets in 34 COVID-19 patients.
  • To assess the impact of PL-M on viral load reduction and symptom resolution.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study was conducted.
  • Primary endpoints included changes in RT-PCR Ct values for nucleocapsid (N) and open reading frame (ORF) genes at days 3 and 7.
  • Safety was evaluated through adverse events, blood biochemistry, inflammatory biomarkers, and antibody levels.

Main Results:

  • PL-M treatment significantly increased RT-PCR Ct values for N and ORF genes on days 3 and 7 compared to placebo (p = 0.001).
  • On day 7, all PL-M treated subjects achieved RT-PCR cycle counts above the cut-off value, indicating viral clearance.
  • Symptom resolution was more complete in the PL-M group after 7 days compared to placebo.

Conclusions:

  • ProLectin-M (PL-M) is safe and effective for clinical use in COVID-19 patients.
  • PL-M reduces viral loads and promotes rapid viral clearance by inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 entry.
  • Inhibition of galectin-3 (Gal-3) is the mechanism by which PL-M exerts its therapeutic effect.