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Dissolving Microneedles Loaded with Nanoparticle Formulation of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Fusion Protein Virus-like

Ipshita Menon1, Smital Patil1, Priyal Bagwe1

  • 1Center for Drug Delivery Research, Vaccine Nanotechnology Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.

Vaccines
|April 28, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Novel dissolving microneedles loaded with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) nanoparticles effectively induced robust immune responses in mice. This innovative delivery system shows promise for future RSV vaccines.

Area of Science:

  • Vaccinology and Immunology
  • Biomaterials and Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) poses a significant health threat, causing severe respiratory illness in young children.
  • Existing healthcare systems face a substantial burden due to frequent RSV outbreaks, highlighting the urgent need for effective vaccines.
  • Novel vaccine delivery systems are crucial for developing next-generation infectious disease vaccines, including those for RSV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the in vivo immunogenicity of a novel vaccine delivery system for RSV.
  • To investigate the potential of polymeric nanoparticles encapsulated in dissolving microneedles for RSV vaccine delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Virus-like particles of the RSV fusion protein (F-VLP) were encapsulated in poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs).
  • These F-VLP NPs were loaded into dissolving microneedles (MNs) composed of hyaluronic acid and trehalose.
  • Mice were immunized intradermally with F-VLP NPs, with or without monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) adjuvant NPs, loaded in the MNs, followed by RSV challenge.

Main Results:

  • Mice immunized with F-VLP NPs and MPL NPs in MNs exhibited high levels of IgG and IgG2a antibodies in serum and lung homogenates.
  • A significant IgA response in lung homogenates post-RSV challenge indicated a successful mucosal immune response.
  • Flow cytometry revealed increased CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell expression in lymph nodes and spleens of immunized mice.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates that PLGA nanoparticles loaded in dissolving microneedles can elicit a robust humoral and cellular immune response against RSV.
  • This nanoparticle-loaded microneedle system represents a promising novel delivery platform for developing effective RSV vaccines.

Keywords:
PLGARSVcellular immune responsedissolving microneedlesfusion proteinhumoralmucosalnanoparticlesvaccinevirus-like particles

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