Recovery from virus infection: plant's armory in action
M Malavika1, Ved Prakash1,2, Supriya Chakraborty3
1Molecular Virology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
Planta
|April 28, 2023
Summary
Plants combat viral infections using RNA silencing, producing virus-derived small interfering RNA (vsiRNA) to degrade viral RNA. This process, alongside host factors, establishes virus tolerance, reducing symptom severity in new growth.
Area of Science:
- Plant Pathology
- Molecular Biology
- Virology
Background:
- Plant viruses disrupt cellular functions, leading to disease symptoms.
- Plants possess innate defense mechanisms to counteract viral infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review factors promoting symptom recovery in virus-infected plants.
- To highlight the role of RNA silencing and epigenetic modifications in plant antiviral defense.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on plant-virus interactions and defense mechanisms.
- Analysis of the roles of epigenetics, transcriptional reprogramming, phytohormones, and abiotic factors.
Main Results:
- Virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) degrade viral RNA, restricting proliferation.
- Virus-activated siRNAs (vasiRNAs) from the host genome regulate the transcriptome, inducing tolerance.
- Phytohormones like salicylic acid and abiotic factors (e.g., temperature) modulate these responses.
Conclusions:
- Plants establish a virus-tolerant state through complex defense strategies, including RNA silencing.
- Effective management of viral infections involves understanding these molecular and physiological responses.
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