Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mass Analyzers: Overview01:13

Mass Analyzers: Overview

762
The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
762
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab01:21

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab

507
For AAS measurements, samples must be introduced as clear solutions, often requiring extensive preliminary treatment to dissolve materials like soils, animal tissues, and minerals. Common methods for sample preparation include treatment with hot mineral acids, wet ashing, combustion in closed containers, high-temperature ashing, or fusion with reagents.
 Solutions containing organic solvents, such as low-molecular-mass alcohols, esters, or ketones, enhance absorbances by increasing...
507
Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects01:17

Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects

691
In an NMR sample, precise measurement of the absolute absorption frequencies of nuclei is difficult. A standard internal reference compound is added, and the frequency difference between the reference signal and sample signals is measured.
The internal reference compound generally used in NMR spectroscopy is tetramethylsilane (TMS). TMS is preferred because it is chemically inert, soluble in NMR solvents, and easily removable. Also, the highly shielded methyl protons in TMS yield an intense...
691

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Chemistry of the shallow surface of isolated nanodiamonds probed by synchrotron X-ray photoemission.

Nanoscale·2025
Same author

Revealing ligand deprotonation and speciation pathways in Cu(II)-glycine aqueous solutions <i>via</i> liquid-jet X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy supported by <i>ab initio</i> calculations.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2025
Same author

Long-term development after maternal cancer treatment: some reassurance but still open questions.

Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology·2025
Same author

Statistical shape modelling of the first carpometacarpal joint: A cross-sectional analysis of an osteoarthritis initiative cohort.

Bone·2025
Same author

Attosecond formation of charge-transfer-to-solvent states of aqueous ions probed using the core-hole-clock technique.

Nature communications·2024
Same author

Treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis in adults: An expert consensus statement using a Delphi method to produce a decision-making algorithm.

Annales de dermatologie et de venereologie·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 1, 2025

Sub-nanometer Resolution Imaging with Amplitude-modulation Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquid
10:25

Sub-nanometer Resolution Imaging with Amplitude-modulation Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquid

Published on: December 20, 2016

16.8K

Ångstrom-Depth Resolution with Chemical Specificity at the Liquid-Vapor Interface.

R Dupuy1,2, J Filser1, C Richter1

  • 1Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|April 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Photoemission spectroscopy reveals atomic depth profiles at interfaces by analyzing how electron scattering changes photoelectron angular distributions (PADs). This method achieves excellent depth resolution, distinguishing atoms separated by just 1 Å.

More Related Videos

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy
10:28

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy

Published on: May 27, 2018

8.9K
Microscopic Visualization of Porous Nanographenes Synthesized through a Combination of Solution and On-Surface Chemistry
08:18

Microscopic Visualization of Porous Nanographenes Synthesized through a Combination of Solution and On-Surface Chemistry

Published on: March 4, 2021

1.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 1, 2025

Sub-nanometer Resolution Imaging with Amplitude-modulation Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquid
10:25

Sub-nanometer Resolution Imaging with Amplitude-modulation Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquid

Published on: December 20, 2016

16.8K
Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy
10:28

Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy

Published on: May 27, 2018

8.9K
Microscopic Visualization of Porous Nanographenes Synthesized through a Combination of Solution and On-Surface Chemistry
08:18

Microscopic Visualization of Porous Nanographenes Synthesized through a Combination of Solution and On-Surface Chemistry

Published on: March 4, 2021

1.8K

Area of Science:

  • Surface Science
  • Spectroscopy
  • Materials Characterization

Background:

  • Determining depth profiles across interfaces is crucial for science and technology.
  • Photoemission spectroscopy is suitable for depth profiling, but liquid-vapor interfaces pose challenges due to poorly understood electron scattering.
  • Core-level photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) are sensitive to depth-dependent elastic electron scattering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To further explore the use of photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) for quantitative depth profiling at interfaces.
  • To establish a quantitative relationship between PADs and atomic depth distribution.
  • To demonstrate the method's capability for high-resolution depth profiling.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated the relationship between the experimental anisotropy parameter of PADs and atomic depth distribution.
  • Utilized molecular dynamics simulations to determine the average distance of atoms along the surface normal.
  • Analyzed electron scattering processes in the low-collision-number regime.

Main Results:

  • The anisotropy parameter of PADs scales linearly with the average atomic distance along the surface normal.
  • This linear relationship holds true in the low-collision-number regime.
  • Results for different atomic species can be compared on a common length scale.

Conclusions:

  • Photoelectron angular distributions provide a quantitative method for depth profiling at interfaces.
  • The method achieves excellent depth resolution, capable of distinguishing atoms separated by approximately 1 Å.
  • This technique offers a powerful tool for investigating interfacial structures, particularly at liquid-vapor interfaces.