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Related Concept Videos

Cholinesterases: Distribution and Function01:22

Cholinesterases: Distribution and Function

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Cholinesterases are a group of serine hydrolase enzymes that play a crucial role in the breakdown of choline esters. The two primary types of cholinesterases are acetylcholinesterases (AChEs) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChEs), which differ in their distribution, function, and substrate specificity. AChEs, also known as true cholinesterases, specifically hydrolyze acetylcholine, while BuChEs, often referred to as pseudocholinesterases, can hydrolyze various choline esters, including...
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Related Experiment Video

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Acyl-PEGyl Exchange Gel Shift Assay for Quantitative Determination of Palmitoylation of Brain Membrane Proteins
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A trimeric esterase in the common shrew.

J B Searle

    The Journal of Heredity
    |March 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    A trimeric kidney esterase in common shrews is homologous to mouse esterase-6. This finding suggests that trimeric esterases were common in early eutherian mammals.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Evolutionary Biology
    • Mammalian Genetics

    Background:

    • Esterases are enzymes that play crucial roles in various biological processes.
    • The structure and evolutionary history of esterases provide insights into mammalian evolution.
    • Previous studies have characterized esterase-6 in mice, noting its trimeric structure.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the structure and properties of a variable kidney esterase in the common shrew.
    • To determine if this shrew esterase is homologous to known mammalian esterases, specifically mouse esterase-6.
    • To explore the evolutionary implications of esterase structure in early eutherian mammals.

    Main Methods:

    • Phenotypic analysis of heterozygotes to infer enzyme structure.

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  • Substrate specificity assays to characterize enzyme activity.
  • Tissue distribution studies to understand enzyme localization.
  • Comparative analysis with known esterase sequences and structures.

    • Main Results:

    • The common shrew kidney esterase exhibits a trimeric structure, as evidenced by heterozygote phenotypes.
    • Substrate specificity and tissue distribution patterns suggest homology with mouse esterase-6.
    • Both the shrew esterase and mouse esterase-6 are confirmed to be trimeric enzymes.

    Conclusions:

    • The common shrew kidney esterase is homologous to mouse esterase-6.
    • The trimeric structure of this esterase in shrews supports the hypothesis of its ancestral presence in early eutherian mammals.
    • This study contributes to understanding the evolutionary conservation of enzyme structure in mammals.