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Rights and representation support justice across aquatic food systems.

Christina C Hicks1, Jessica A Gephart2, J Zachary Koehn3

  • 1Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK. christina.hicks@lancaster.ac.uk.

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|April 28, 2023
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Summary

Food systems show injustices, with wealth for some and hunger for others. Barriers to participation, like economic, political, and social factors, explain unequal aquatic food access and affordability.

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Area of Science:

  • Food systems analysis
  • Social justice theory
  • Aquatic food science

Background:

  • Food systems are marked by significant wealth accumulation for a few, coexisting with widespread hunger, indicating systemic injustices.
  • Aquatic foods play a crucial role in global nutrition, yet their distribution and accessibility are uneven.
  • Understanding the drivers of these inequalities is essential for achieving food security and social justice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between barriers to participation in food systems and the unequal distribution of benefits, specifically concerning aquatic foods.
  • To analyze how economic, political, and social factors influence wealth-based and welfare-based benefits within national food systems.
  • To evaluate national policy documents for their effectiveness in addressing identified barriers to participation and promoting food justice.

Main Methods:

  • Combined data on aquatic food production, distribution, and consumption for 194 countries.
  • Utilized Bayesian models to analyze the association between national characteristics and aquatic food system benefits.
  • Conducted content analysis of national policy documents to assess their alignment with social justice principles and barrier mitigation.

Main Results:

  • Economic and political barriers (e.g., lack of wealth, education, voice, and accountability) correlate with reduced national aquatic food production and consumption.
  • Social barriers, particularly gender inequality, are linked to lower affordability of aquatic foods (welfare-based benefits).
  • National policies frequently fail to address political and gender-based barriers, hindering equitable outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Barriers to participation significantly shape the distribution of benefits within global aquatic food systems.
  • Addressing economic, political, and social barriers, especially gender inequality, is critical for improving aquatic food access and affordability.
  • Policies promoting human rights, inclusive decision-making, and actively challenging injustice drivers are associated with more equitable food system outcomes.