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Related Concept Videos

What is Photosynthesis?00:39

What is Photosynthesis?

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Photosynthesis is a multipart, biochemical process that occurs in plants as well as in some bacteria. It captures carbon dioxide and solar energy to produce glucose. Glucose stores chemical energy in the form of carbohydrates. The overall biochemical formula of photosynthesis is 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Light energy → C6H12O6 + 6 O2. Photosynthesis releases oxygen into the atmosphere and is largely responsible for maintaining the Earth’s atmospheric oxygen content.
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The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis01:34

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The light reactions of photosynthesis assume a linear flow of electrons from water to NADP+. During this process, light energy drives the splitting of water molecules to produce oxygen. However, oxidation of water molecules is a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction and requires a strong oxidizing agent. This is accomplished by the first product of light reactions: oxidized P680 (or P680+), the most powerful oxidizing agent known in biology. The oxidized P680 that acquires an electron from the...
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Light as Energy01:35

Light as Energy

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The energy required to carry out photosynthesis is light— typically electromagnetic radiation from the sun. The range of all possible wavelengths is known as the electromagnetic spectrum.
Photons
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Oxygenic Photosynthesis01:26

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Oxygenic photosynthesis is a fundamental process in which light energy is harnessed to drive the oxidation of water, leading to the production of molecular oxygen (O₂), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). This process is essential for sustaining aerobic life on Earth and is primarily carried out by cyanobacteria, algae, and plants. The core of oxygenic photosynthesis lies in the thylakoid membranes, where chlorophyll pigments facilitate...
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Photosystem II01:22

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The multi-protein complex photosystem II (PS II) harvests photons and transfers their energy through its bound pigments to its reaction center, and ultimately to photosystem I (PSI) through the electron transport chain. The pigments responsible for caputirng the light energy in photosystems include chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids.
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Updated: Aug 1, 2025

Integrating a Triplet-triplet Annihilation Up-conversion System to Enhance Dye-sensitized Solar Cell Response to Sub-bandgap Light
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Solar utilization beyond photosynthesis.

Jiangquan Lv1,2,3, Jiafang Xie4, Aya Gomaa Abdelkader Mohamed2,3

  • 1College of Electronics and Information Science, Fujian Jiangxia University, Fuzhou, P. R. China.

Nature Reviews. Chemistry
|April 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Advanced solar technologies mimic natural photosynthesis for sustainable energy. By understanding light harvesting, catalysis, and storage, new photovoltaic, photoelectrocatalysis, and battery systems offer solutions to climate change challenges.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Sustainable Energy Technologies
  • Photovoltaics

Background:

  • Natural photosynthesis efficiently converts solar energy into chemical energy (carbohydrates).
  • Understanding its mechanisms is key to developing advanced solar energy utilization technologies.
  • These technologies aim to provide sustainable energy solutions for climate change mitigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review how advanced solar utilization technologies are inspired by natural photosynthesis.
  • To summarize current applications and future potential of these technologies.
  • To highlight foundational mechanisms, materials, and devices.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on natural photosynthesis and solar energy technologies.
  • Analysis of photoelectrochemical processes, light harvesting, catalysis, and energy storage.
  • Examination of inspired technologies like photovoltaics, photoelectrocatalysis, and rechargeable batteries.

Main Results:

  • Solar utilization technologies inspired by photosynthesis convert solar energy into electrical and chemical energy.
  • Applications include photovoltaics, photoelectrocatalysis, electrochemical storage, and thermal tandem technologies.
  • Foundational mechanisms, materials, and devices for these technologies are presented.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced solar technologies inspired by natural photosynthesis offer sustainable solutions.
  • Mimicking and potentially surpassing natural photosynthesis is the future goal.
  • These technologies are crucial for addressing global energy and climate challenges.