Close proximity gunshot residues.

Area of Science:

• Forensic Science
• Ballistics
• Trace Evidence Analysis

Background:

• Firearm discharge results in gunshot residue (GSR) dispersal.
• Limited forensic literature exists on GSR levels on hands not in direct contact with a firearm.
• Understanding GSR deposition is critical for firearm-related investigations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate gunshot residue deposition on hands held in close proximity to a firearm during discharge.
• To determine if antimony levels, indicative of firearm use, can be detected under such conditions.
• To address the gap in forensic science literature regarding non-contact GSR interception.

Main Methods:

• Simulated firearm discharge scenarios were created.
• Hands were positioned in close proximity to the firearm at the moment of discharge.
• Residue samples were collected from the hands.
• Antimony levels in the collected samples were analyzed using appropriate forensic techniques.

Main Results:

• Significant amounts of gunshot residue were intercepted by hands near the firearm.
• Antimony levels detected were consistent with those expected from an individual who had fired or handled a firearm.
• The study confirmed GSR deposition even without direct physical contact with the weapon.

Conclusions:

• Hands in close proximity to a firearm during discharge can collect substantial gunshot residue.
• Detected antimony levels support the possibility of linking individuals to firearm incidents, even without direct handling.
• This research provides valuable data for forensic investigations involving proximity to firearms.