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Convalescent plasma transfusion in severe COVID-19 patients: Clinical and laboratory outcomes

M R Abdullah1, A Alam Faizli2, N S Adzaludin2

  • 1National Blood Centre, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Tun Razak, Titiwangsa, 50400 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. redzuanabdullah89@gmail.com.

The Malaysian Journal of Pathology
|April 29, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Convalescent plasma (CP) transfusion improved clinical outcomes for severe COVID-19 patients, reducing oxygen and mechanical ventilation durations. Early transfusion and high-titer antibody use may enhance CP therapy effectiveness.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Severe COVID-19 presents treatment challenges globally.
  • Convalescent plasma (CP) contains antibodies that may combat SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Investigating CP transfusion's impact on severe COVID-19 is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical and laboratory effects of convalescent plasma transfusion in severe COVID-19 patients.
  • To compare outcomes between severe COVID-19 patients receiving CP plus best-of-care versus best-of-care alone.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective, cross-sectional study design.
  • Matched cohorts of severe COVID-19 adult patients (n=53 per group).
  • Comparison between a CP group and a control group receiving best-of-care only.

Main Results:

  • Adverse transfusion reactions occurred in 5.7% of patients.
  • The CP group showed significantly shorter durations of oxygen support and mechanical ventilation.
  • No significant differences were observed in mechanical ventilation rates, hospital stay, ICU stay, or mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Convalescent plasma transfusion is a safe and effective treatment for severe COVID-19.
  • Optimizing CP therapy may involve earlier transfusion and utilizing high-titer neutralizing antibody units.
  • Further research is needed to maximize the benefits of CP transfusion for COVID-19 patients.
Abstract

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