[INTRAOPERATIVE ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY MAPPING OF CORTICAL FUNCTION: A BRIEF HISTORY AND EVOLVING ALTERNATIVE]

Area of Science:

• Neurosurgery
• Neuroscience
• Medical Technology

Background:

• Improved extent of resection in glioma patients correlates with enhanced survival rates.
• Intraoperative electrophysiology cortical mapping is a standard neurosurgical procedure for maximal safe resection.
• This review details the historical evolution of cortical mapping techniques.

Approach:

• Historical review of intraoperative electrophysiology cortical mapping.
• Tracing the development from early studies in 1870 to current broad gamma mapping.
• Highlighting the indispensable role of mapping in tumor surgery.

Key Points:

• Cortical mapping guides surgeons to preserve critical brain function during tumor resection.
• Maximal safe resection, facilitated by mapping, is linked to better patient outcomes.
• Technological advancements have refined mapping precision and application.

Conclusions:

• Intraoperative electrophysiology cortical mapping is vital for optimizing glioma resection and patient survival.
• The historical progression demonstrates continuous innovation in neurosurgical tools.
• Modern mapping techniques like broad gamma mapping represent significant advancements in the field.