A usability evaluation of the perceived user friendliness, accessibility, and inclusiveness of a personalized digital...

This study aimed to acquire insight into the perceived user friendliness, accessibility and inclusiveness of a personalized digital care pathway.

Usability of the tool was tested in an experimental setting. Mixed methods data collection consisted of scenario-based eye tracking tests in a web- or mobile-based prototype of the tool, followed by a questionnaire assessing user friendliness (System Usability Scale; SUS) and a structured interview. Inclusiveness was assessed by subgroup comparisons based on language proficiency, age and education level. Via purposive sampling a heterogeneous population of users (N = 24) was recruited. Eye tracking was used to measure gaze behavior.

Overall, participants were satisfied with the tool (scale 0-10, 7.5; SD = 1.29). User friendliness of the mobile version (68.3; SD = 21.6) was higher than the web version (50.9; SD = 17.3) measured by SUS score (0-100). With regard to accessibility, eye tracking scenarios showed that the menu bar was hard to find (17% mobile, 55% web). In all scenario's, information was found faster in the mobile version than the web version. Attention was easily drawn to images. Regarding inclusiveness of the tool, we found significantly longer completing time of the scenario tasks for low language proficiency (p-value = 0.029) and higher age subgroups (p-value = 0.049). Lower language proficiency scored a significant lower SUS score (p-value = 0.012).

Overall, user friendliness and accessibility were positively evaluated. Assessment of inclusiveness emphasized the need for tailoring digital tools to those with low language proficiency and/or an older age. Co-creation of digital care tools with users is therefore important to match users' needs, make tools easily understandable and accessible to all users, and ultimately result in better uptake and impact.