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Identify Breast Cancer Risk Factors Using the Gail Assessment Model in Iraq.

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  • 1College of Medical Technology, Medical Lab Techniques, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Breast cancer risk in Iraq is primarily linked to genetic or familial factors and age, not hormones. Early identification of these risk factors is crucial for developing effective control strategies.

Keywords:
Breast cancerGail ModelIraqRisk factors of BC

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Global breast cancer (BC) prevalence has risen, with potential links to increased mammography screening and other contributing factors.
  • Understanding specific risk factors for BC in diverse populations, such as Iraq, is essential for public health.
  • The Gail assessment model is a tool used to estimate BC risk based on various factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply the Gail assessment model to identify hormonal and familial risk factors for breast cancer (BC) in Iraq.
  • To assess the significance of age, hormonal influences, and genetic/familial history in BC development within the Iraqi population.

Main Methods:

  • A study group of patients aged 30 and over with known BC risk factors was selected.
  • Patients were divided into groups based on breast biopsy results and control status, with risk calculated using the Gail model.
  • Multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate risk factors in patients with and without BC over a 3-year follow-up.

Main Results:

  • The Gail assessment model proved reliable for calculating breast cancer risk.
  • Significant risk factors for BC in Iraq were identified as genetic or familial, rather than hormonal.
  • The risk of developing breast cancer was found to increase significantly with age.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic and familial factors, along with increasing age, are significant contributors to breast cancer risk in Iraq.
  • Hormonal features do not appear to significantly increase breast cancer risk in this population.
  • Identifying community-specific risk factors is vital for implementing targeted disease control and treatment plans.