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Virtual Group-based Walking Intervention for Persons with Schizophrenia: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Julia Browne^1,2, Claudio Battaglini³, L Fredrik Jarskog⁴

¹Research Service, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA.

Mental Health and Physical Activity

|May 1, 2023

Summary

Virtual PACE-Life improved psychological well-being for individuals with schizophrenia but did not significantly boost cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in a pilot study. Further research is needed to enhance exercise benefits in this population.

Keywords:

cardiorespiratory fitness exercise remote self-determination theory video-delivered

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Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Exercise Science
Behavioral Medicine

Background:

Individuals with schizophrenia exhibit lower cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), a risk factor for mortality.
Motivational challenges hinder exercise adherence in this population.
Virtual Physical Activity Can Enhance Life (Virtual PACE-Life) was developed to address these barriers.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of the Virtual PACE-Life intervention on CRF and psychological outcomes in persons with schizophrenia.
To compare Virtual PACE-Life with a Fitbit Alone condition.

Main Methods:

A 16-week pilot randomized controlled trial with 37 participants with schizophrenia.
Intervention components included live video group walks, Fitbit tracking, home-based sessions, goal setting, and if-then plans.
Outcomes assessed: competence, autonomy, relatedness satisfaction, autonomous motivation, steps/day, walking minutes, and CRF (6-minute walk test).

Main Results:

Intent-to-treat analysis showed improved competence and autonomy satisfaction in the Virtual PACE-Life group.
No significant differences were found in relatedness satisfaction, autonomous motivation, steps/day, walking minutes, or CRF between groups.
Completer analyses indicated improvements in steps/day and autonomous motivation favoring Virtual PACE-Life.

Conclusions:

The Virtual PACE-Life intervention shows promise for enhancing psychological well-being related to exercise in individuals with schizophrenia.
Further research is required to optimize virtual exercise programs for improving CRF in this population.