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Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Case Series
Navya Christopher1, Gopinath Periaswamy1, Venkatesh Kasi Arunachalam1
1Department of Radiology, Kovai Medical Center and Hospital, Coimbatore, India.
The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging
|May 1, 2023
Summary
Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) is a severe condition causing rapid organ damage. Early diagnosis of CAPS, marked by multiorgan ischemia and antiphospholipid antibodies, is crucial for prompt treatment and preventing irreversible complications.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Internal Medicine
- Pathophysiology
Background:
- Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) represents the most severe manifestation of antiphospholipid syndrome.
- It is characterized by rapid onset of multiple organ ischemia within a short timeframe.
- Prompt recognition is vital due to the potential for fulminant, irreversible complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the clinical presentation and management of Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome.
- To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis in patients with suspected multiorgan ischemia and antiphospholipid antibodies.
- To share institutional experience with three managed cases of CAPS.
Main Methods:
- Case series presentation.
- Review of clinical data for three patients diagnosed with CAPS.
- Correlation of imaging findings with laboratory results (antiphospholipid antibodies).
Main Results:
- The study involved three patients diagnosed with CAPS.
- All patients presented with acute, concurrent multiorgan ischemia.
- Positive antiphospholipid antibodies were confirmed in all cases, supporting the CAPS diagnosis.
Conclusions:
- Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome requires a high index of suspicion in cases of acute multiorgan ischemia.
- Confirmation involves identifying positive antiphospholipid antibodies.
- Timely initiation of treatment is critical for improving outcomes in CAPS patients.
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