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Hematological Parameters as an Early Marker of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Diabetes Mellitus: An Observational Study

Shyam V1, Satyapriya Mohanty2, Debasish Das3

  • 1Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND.

Cureus
|May 1, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Novel inflammatory markers, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), show promise for early deep vein thrombosis (DVT) detection in diabetic patients, indicating inflammation associated with diabetes.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • The link between diabetes mellitus and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is established, but predictive biomarkers in diabetic patients remain underexplored.
  • Complete blood count (CBC)-derived ratios, like neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), are emerging as potential indicators for DVT.
  • Inflammation is implicated in both diabetes and DVT, suggesting a role for inflammatory markers in this patient population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of NLR and PLR for detecting DVT in patients with diabetes mellitus.
  • To assess whether elevated NLR and PLR in diabetic patients correlate with the presence of DVT.
  • To determine the sensitivity and specificity of NLR and PLR in identifying DVT in this specific demographic.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 109 DVT patients and 109 non-DVT controls was conducted.
  • Hematological parameters, including total leukocyte count, differential counts, and platelet counts, were measured.
  • NLR and PLR were calculated and compared between the DVT and non-DVT groups.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in NLR and PLR were observed between DVT and non-DVT groups.
  • NLR and PLR were found to be significantly higher in diabetic patients with DVT, suggesting increased inflammation.
  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated NLR (cut-off 2.83) with 67% sensitivity and 92% specificity, and PLR (cut-off 131.46) with 56% sensitivity and 90% specificity for DVT detection in diabetics.

Conclusions:

  • NLR and PLR serve as valuable novel inflammatory markers for the early detection of DVT in diabetic individuals.
  • These CBC-derived ratios can aid clinicians in identifying diabetic patients at higher risk for DVT.
  • The findings highlight the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of DVT in the context of diabetes mellitus.

Keywords:
deep vein thrombosisdiabetes mellitusneutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratioplatelet-to-lymphocyte ratiototal leukocyte count

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